ABSTRACT
The novel Coronavirus outbreak was originated from Wuhan, China, was first reported in India on 30th January 2020. The impact of an epidemic depends on the number of persons infected, infection transmissibility and the spectrum of clinical severity. To determine the impact of outbreak, analysis of the existing record was done. The objective of this study was to determine the demographic factors, case fatality rate, its association and trend was observed among positive cases reported in Gwalior district. Covid-19 related data collected at the IDSP unit of Gwalior District was analysed. A total of 11281 case reported between 30th March to 11th October was included and their recorded data was analysed using mean, median, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. The study shows that Mean age of the cases was 39.95±16.75 while their median age was 38.0 (27.0-52.0). Maximum cases were in the age group of 21-30 (25.6%). On assessing the current status, 94.7% patients were discharged from isolation/treatment facility, 4% case were active while 1.3% died. Risk Ratio (Odds Ratio) for death was calculated for different characteristics. It was concluded from the present study that the outcome of disease was found statistically significant in age groups, residence in containment area and isolation status among patients by using logistic regression analysis. Also, no gender predilection of the disease and its mortality.
ABSTRACT
Background: Studies of pandemics in past centuries have suggested that the second wave was always more lethal and devastating as compared to the first wave. Regarding coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic also, various speculations were made that during the second wave virus changes its nature either for age structure, gender or rural-urban differential. Present study was aimed to compare the demographic and mortality profile of COVID-19 patients during the two waves. Materials and Methods: A total of 51,425 individuals with 16,538 cases from first wave and 34,887 cases from the second wave were included in the study. Frequency, percentage, case fatality rate (CFR) and OR (95% CI) were calculated. Level of significance was considered at 5%. Results: Maximum cases were observed in the age group 21-30 years (23.7%). During the first wave, 29.5% females were infected while during the second wave 38.5% females were infected. Infection in rural areas increased to 5.7% as compared to 4.8% in the first wave. Among the females, CFR increased to 37% in second wave which was 25.2% in the first wave. Disease load was at its peak in the month of April 2021. Conclusion: During the second wave, infection rate and mortality were higher in females and patients residing in rural areas showing extension of community spread. Patients with age above 50 years succumbed more. Occurrence of more than two-fifth of the cases in a single month (April 2021) shows a need for better planning for the supposed third wave to tackle any unwanted situation.